Vietnam has revised its nationality law.
On June 24, 2025, the National Assembly passed key updates in the Vietnam Nationality Law that affect how overseas Vietnamese can apply for, confirm, or retain Vietnamese nationality. The revised Vietnam Nationality Law 2025, effective from July 1, 2025, simplifies many procedures while tightening rules in specific areas.
This guide outlines the eight most important changes in Vietnam Nationality Law, provides a step-by-step checklist, answers frequently asked questions, and explains why these changes are happening now.
Why Reform Vietnam Nationality Law, and Why Now?
The timing of this legal reform of Vietnam Nationality Law is not accidental. Behind the legislative language lies a deeper reality that Vietnam is entering a new phase in its nation building journey.
For decades, overseas Vietnamese, although sentimentally embraced as part of the greater Vietnamese family, their legal rights have often been falling in the gap.
The new law seeks to fix that gap which is in line with the policy of the country to look forward (not back).
But beyond cultural reconnection, there are three structural reasons this change of Vietnam Nationality Law became urgent:
- Vietnam’s economic transition depends on global engagement: To move from manufacturing to innovation, Vietnam needs more than capital, it needs ideas, networks, and know-how. Overseas Vietnamese often sit at that intersection. The Vietnam Nationality Law now sees them not only as returnees but as strategic partners.
- Demographic pressure is rising: Vietnam’s aging population and tightening labor supply make overseas Vietnamese a valuable resource. The revised Vietnam Nationality Law provides a legal foundation for those who wish to return, not just to retire, but to teach, build, and lead.
- Geopolitical positioning: In a region shaped by global competition, Vietnam is reinforcing its identity and reach. By clarifying who belongs and under what terms under the revised Vietnam Nationality Law, the country strengthens internal unity and external legitimacy.
Eight Key Legal Updates on Vietnam Nationality Law
Faster pathway for contributors
The Vietnam Nationality Law now offers a simplified naturalisation route for individuals contributing to Vietnam through professional skills or achievements. The five-year residency and financial sufficiency conditions are waived if contributions to national development can be shown.
Dual nationality permitted in special cases
While dual nationality is generally not allowed, the law introduces an exception. If your foreign nationality is considered beneficial to Vietnam, you may.
Single nationality for public service
Those appointed or elected to government, judicial, or military positions must renounce other nationalities and reside in Vietnam full-time.
Easier proof of Vietnamese origin
The Vietnam Nationality Law allows broader documentation to verify Vietnamese ancestry. Family records, community letters, and other evidence may now support applications. This is especially helpful for those without access to older birth certificates in Vietnam or household records.
Name flexibility
Applicants can combine Vietnamese and foreign names on official documents, providing more personal and professional continuity.
Citizenship revocation without appeal
The Vietnam Nationality Law permits nationality to be revoked if obtained by fraud or if national security is compromised. These decisions are final and not subject to judicial review.
Presumed nationality for renounced citizens
Overseas Vietnamese who never officially renounced their nationality are still considered Vietnamese citizens. Confirmation can be obtained via embassies abroad.
Step-by-Step Guide Applying Vietnamese Nationality or Confirming Vietnamese Nationality
Step 1: Check your status
- Have you ever held Vietnamese nationality?
- Did you formally renounce it?
- Are you of Vietnamese descent?
Step 2: Collect your documents
- Proof of ancestry (family book, birth certificate, school records, or community letters)
- Valid passport(s)
- Criminal record card
Step 3: Choose the right pathway
- Confirmation of Vietnamese origin (if never formally renounced)
- Application for nationality (if applying anew)
- Re-acquisition of nationality (if previously renounced)
Step 4: Submit your application
- Via the Vietnamese embassy abroad or in Vietnam at the Ministry of Justice
- Prepare translations and notarised copies where required
Step 5: Wait for decision
- Target: 2-3 weeks once complete dossier is accepted
Step 6: Complete post-approval steps
- ID card or citizen registration
- Update other records and legal documents
Helpful resources:
FAQs on Applying Vietnamese Nationality or Confirming Vietnamese Nationality
Q1: I have Vietnamese parents but no birth certificate. Can I apply?
Yes. The Vietnam Nationality Law now allows other forms of proof including school records, community letters, or language certificates.
Q2: How do I apply for a criminal record card in Vietnam?
You can apply through the Department of Justice or request assistance via legal representatives.
Q3: Can I keep my foreign passport if I naturalise?
Only with written approval in cases of special contribution to national interests.
Q4: What if I was born in Vietnam but now hold another nationality?
You may still be a Vietnamese citizen unless you formally renounced your nationality. Embassy confirmation is recommended.
Q5: What happens if I submit incorrect documents?
Under the Vietnam Nationality Law, providing false documents may lead to cancellation of citizenship without appeal.
Conclusions
The Vietnam Nationality Law 2025 is not just a legal tool. It is a statement of intent. Vietnam is signaling to overseas Vietnamese that now is the time to reconnect, not only culturally but also legally and structurally.
By removing barriers and clarifying conditions, the government invites overseas Vietnamese to be part of its next chapter for the country that want to look forward (not back).
About ANT Lawyers, a Law Firm in Vietnam
We help clients overcome cultural barriers and achieve their strategic and financial outcomes, while ensuring the best interest rate protection, risk mitigation and regulatory compliance. ANT lawyers has lawyers in Ho Chi Minh city, Hanoi, and Danang, and will help customers in doing business in Vietnam.
Source: https://antlawyers.vn/nationality/update-vietnam-nationality-law-2025.html
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